The Dutch economy is among the most developed globally and has drawn
strength from deep integration in global value chains. It has weathered shocks well, yet
its resilience is being tested, again—this time by a confluence of trade tensions and
domestic policy uncertainty. The economy is at capacity, with elevated inflation, and
increasingly binding constraints in the labor market, housing, emissions space, and the
electricity grid. Futureproofing the economy will require policies that tackle these
bottlenecks and align with a vision for sustainable long-term growth.