The Serbian economy has shown resilience despite headwinds from energy supply disruptions, a weak harvest, domestic protests, global trade tensions, and the war in the Middle East. Looking ahead, the war is expected to keep energy sector risks elevated, constraining growth even as rising real incomes and EXPO-related activity provide support. The approaching electoral cycle could weaken policy discipline and delay structural reforms, further weighing on medium-term growth constrained by slowing capital accumulation and modest productivity gains.